When you hear a word "Mind" What comes in your head? Do you know the difference between a Brain and a Mind? Have you heard about Sigmund Freud? What is the relation of Sigmund Freud with this topic?
Well you will get your answer as you will progress yourself further in this blog.
Starting from our first question "A Brain is the physical organ in our body which commands other organs and system to function coordinately in order to make a human body functional, whereas " A Mind refers to our ability to think, feel and engage in physical activity.
Now let's dive into our topic..
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian Neurologist and also known as the Father of Modern Psychology. The contribution of Sigmund Freud in the world of psychology were:
1) Psychoanalytic Theory
2) Psychosexual Theory
3) Dream Interpretation
Our topic focuses on first contribution.
According to Sigmund Freud Psychoanalytic Theory suggests that human mind is divided into 3 parts and humans responds to their stimuli based on these parts.
- The Unconscious Mind
- The Preconscious Mind
- The Conscious Mind
He proposed that Unconscious Mind covers the largest part of Mind is hidden and is governed by
Id and Superego, Preconscious Mind is governed by
Ego and is a layer or wall between Unconscious and Conscious Mind, and Conscious Mind is on whom an individual chose to act.
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Iceberg presentation of Mind
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Let's discuss about the three forms of Mind:
1) ID: Freud conceived ID as "Pleasure Principle". According to him ID is present from the start of human birth. This component hold the Unconscious state of mind which acts instinctively. It works on desires, aggression, and focus on instinct results. From birth it focuses on biological need i.e hunger, thirst, sleep and sex. For example: A child's only demand is to fulfill his biological need which he needs instantly via crying. Crying is a way of establishing his needs.
One more example many of us can relate to it is when we sit for study or to complete any task our procrastination comes into play this procrastination works on Id Principle.
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Depiction of Id
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Id is seen metaphorically as Devil which sits on one shoulder and condemns a person to act on his instincts. For some reasons it's beneficial especially in case of any emergency or if one has to crack an entrance examination or a job. Other ways people who easily loose their cool and temper, who are aggressive and impatient tend to be considered who give more importance to their Id.
2) Superego: Before discussing about the Ego we need to understand what Superego is because Superego is "Antonym of Id". It works on "Ideal Principle". According to Freud the superego also holds the subconscious part of mind where it constantly builds inside our minds as we grow. It composes of the Ethical morals, values and Principles which we learn from our parents, schools, elders etc. These moral values can be for societal region as well as an individual's principle. Every individual has its own principles in life which he never breaks these kinds of principles are governed by Superego.
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| Depiction of Superego |
Superego is metaphorically seen as Angel who guide us at every step. It's the inner voice which speaks aloud when we do something wrong or unethical. I'll take the previous example which I took in Id whenever we start a new task our instinct stops us and rather tell us to focus on instinct relief therein comes Superego which will guide us and will inform us about the harm of not completing certain task therefore Superego is also seen as ID Suppressor as it suppresses our instinctual drive and rather focuses on long term goals and this Superego gains it's satisfaction from suppressing ID.
Now if you think superego and ID works differently then NO!! They work coordinately and which one to use comes the role of Ego
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| Depiction of Both ID & Superego |
3)
Ego: According to Sigmund Freud Ego is considered as the "
Reality Principle". It covers the Preconscious mind. It works like a Beam balance between both ID and Superego and according to the situation and Scenario it choses to either go for ID Or Superego and conveys it to our Conscious mind via which a person works. As I gave the example before in case of Emergency and Danger it will support ID as one needs instinct result to either fight with situation or run from it whereas for setting up the long plans and scheduling the plan one needs constant effort and consistency which is governed by Superego.
Flowchart on working of Mind according to Freud
Stimulus
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Conscious mind send message to Unconscious and Preconscious Mind.
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ID and Superego comes into action in Unconscious Mind.
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From Unconscious the message goes to Preconscious where Ego comes into play.
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Judging the Stimulus it conveys message to Conscious and accordingly ID and Superego works.
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Human mind and body works accordingly.
Thus, I conclude my topic on Structural levels of Mind by Sigmund Freud.
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